Non-differentiable space-time and scale relativity∗
نویسنده
چکیده
The theory of scale relativity consists of developing the consequences of the withdrawal of the hypothesis of space-time differentiability. Spacetime acquires a fractal geometry, namely, it becomes explicitly dependent on the observation scale. The space-time resolutions are redefined as characterizing the state of scale of the reference system, then we set the principle of scale relativity, according to which the laws of nature should be valid whatever this state. The structures that are described in the scale space as coming under this principle induce a mechanics of the quantum type in the standard space of positions and instants. Various levels of the theory of scale relativity can be taken into account (Galilean, special then general scale relativity, coupling between scales and motion, quantum scale theory), and allow one to suggest possible generalizations of presently existing theories. We shall focus the present contribution on the detailed demonstration of the Schrödinger equation, then we consider possible applications to the problem of formation and evolution of gravitational structures. Résumé: La théorie de la relativité d’échelle consiste à développer les conséquences de l’abandon de l’hypothèse de différentiabilité de l’espacetemps. Celui-ci acquiert un caractère fractal, c’est-à-dire explicitement dépendant des résolutions. On redéfinit les résolutions spatio-temporelles comme caractérisant l’état d’échelle du référentiel, puis on postule un principe de relativité d’échelle, suivant lequel les lois de la nature doivent être valides quel que soit cet état. Les structures décrites dans l’espace des échelles comme satisfaisant à ce principe induisent une mécanique de type quantique dans l’espace des positions et des instants. Plusieurs niveaux de description de la théorie relativiste d’échelle (galiléenne, einsteinienne restreinte puis générale, couplage entre échelle et mouvement, enfin elle-même quantique) peuvent être pris en compte et permettent de proposer des généralisations des théories existantes. On se concentrera dans la présente contribution sur la démonstration détaillée de l’équation de Schrödinger, puis on évoquera des applications possibles au problème de la formation et de l’évolution des structures gravitationnelles. Completed 11-01-2002. To appear in: Proceedings of International Colloquium “Géométrie au XXè siècle”, Paris, 24-29 September 2001, ed. D. Flament
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تاریخ انتشار 2002